Edit: It turns out the script is perfectly valid, the issue was it wasn't being executed because I didn't realize that failure to find a document in the find document activity would generate an exception. 

It looks like you can't determine if a document has links via a the built in workflow activities.

I'm unsure of what classes and objects are available to the workflow script editor under the context it runs under. 

Is this code valid for a simple script part to check and see if there is links on the scripts default entry then set a preexisting token to have an integer value that equals the number of links? (so I can use that to token to determine if I need to send an e-mail later in the workflow. )

Imports System
Imports System.Collections.Generic
Imports System.ComponentModel
Imports System.Data
Imports System.Data.SqlClient
Imports System.Text
Imports LFSO83Lib

Namespace WorkflowActivity.Scripting.Checkforlinks
    '''<summary>
    '''Provides one or more methods that can be run when the workflow scripting activity is performed.
    '''</summary>
    Public Class Script1
        Inherits SDKScriptClass83
        '''<summary>
        '''This method is run when the activity is performed.
        '''</summary>
        Protected Overrides Sub Execute()
            'Write your code here.
            Dim targetEntry as ILFEntry = Me.Entry
            Dim Links as ILFCollection = targetEntry.FindLinks()

            Me.SetTokenValue(("linkCount"),Links.Count)


        End Sub
    End Class
End Namespace

See next post for edited workflow