Hi Drew
I'm assuming in your requirement for the Julian day, you want the Year followed by the Day Number
ie: 12/4/2021 = 2021338 or 21338 which is what Google says is the Julian date for that day
When specifying a date for use in a calculations in LF it must be a real date which is why I had to use DATE(YEAR(CurrentDate),1,1) instead of DATE(YEAR(CurrentDate),1,0) and then subtract 1 from it.
Also TEXT in LF is just used to convert a number to a string, so using for example TEXT("33","000") does not format the string which is why I used CONCATENATE ("00") to the front of the Number and then RIGHT to keep the right three characters which provides for the number always being 3 digits. (ie: 003, 033, 333)
Finally CONCATENATE to add the YEAR of the current date in front of the number.
My Date field variable is CurrentDate where yours is Current_Date_ so you will need to edit that
The results look as such. Hope this helps

=CONCATENATE(YEAR(CurrentDate),RIGHT(CONCATENATE("00",SUB(CurrentDate,SUB(DATE(YEAR(CurrentDate),1,1),1))),3))