The straightforward answer: no.

It is probably not useful at all to try to do this from Workflow. The reasons are explained in Brian's and Cliff's answers. To summarize:

• The application is launched on a different computer than the one you're logged on.
• The application is launched with a different Windows user; typically it would be the Windows "Local System" account.
• You will not be able to see that launched program's window (GUI) even if you log on to the other computer.
  • The "Local System" account is created to host software services and applications that can run without a user. You cannot log in to a "Local System" account using a name and password. https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms684190(v=vs.85).aspx
• Because the "Local System" account is typically reserved for non-interactive server applications (those that do not require a human user to operate), it might not even allow applications to open a window (GUI). The application may either be waiting forever for the permission to open a window, or it might simply terminate. http://stackoverflow.com/questions/20068551/how-to-display-application-normally

Suggestion: create a custom toolbar button on Laserfiche Windows Client.

Step 1. Open the Options dialog from the menu.

Step 2. Customize the toolbar.

Step 3. Add a new custom toolbar button.

Step 4. Specify the name, action, and icon for the new custom toolbar button. Here, you can launch "calc.exe" by browsing for locally installed applications and configuring the command-line arguments.